Table of Contents
- 1 Why does retrograde condensation occur?
- 2 What is retrograde phenomenon in PT diagram?
- 3 What is retrograde condensation reservoir?
- 4 What problems are associated with retrograde condensate reservoirs?
- 5 What is retrograde condensate reservoir?
- 6 What is retrograde condensation and why is it important in gas industry?
- 7 What is the composition of condensate?
- 8 What is hydrocarbon condensate?
Why does retrograde condensation occur?
Retrograde condensation occurs when gas in a tube is compressed beyond the point of condensation with the effect that the liquid evaporates again. This is the opposite of condensation: the so-called retrograde condensation.
What is retrograde behavior?
It occurs when a fluid mixture condenses upon isothermal decompression or isobaric heating, where the opposite, i.e., evaporation, is the more frequently observed process. Nevertheless, the retrograde behavior has been discovered to be very common in fluid mixtures, including oil and natural gases.
What is retrograde phenomenon in PT diagram?
when the pressure is reduced, a liquid will vaporize to become a gas. However, in some special situation, when the pressure is reduced below a dew point pressure, a liquid forms from an initial gas phase, as shown in Fig. 1 from Point A to Point B. This phenomenon is called retrograde condensate.
How do you stop condensation in retrograde?
As retrograde condensation occurs soonest near the producing wells heat may be applied to the corresponding part of the formation by temporarily shutting off one or more of the producing wells and injecting hot gases or vapors, especially high temperature steam, into said wells so as to avoid losses due to retrograde …
What is retrograde condensation reservoir?
Introduction Retrograde condensation in gas reservoirs occurs when the reservoir pressure drops below the dewpoint of the gas. Condensed liquid will drain downward by gravity when its saturation exceeds the irreducible condensate saturation.
What is the difference between retrograde gas and wet gas?
The main difference between wet and retrograde gases is the amount of liquid produced in the reservoir. The conditions of a retrograde reservoir lie closer to critical conditions and this gas will have more liquid drop out than a wet gas.
What problems are associated with retrograde condensate reservoirs?
This condensate liquid may be temporarily or permanently trapped in the reservoir, causing severe reductions in gas production rates and the permanent loss of a large portion of the volatile and valuable condensate liquids (due to capillary pressure- induced trapping effects in the porous media).
Why is retrograde condensation important in the gas industry?
The presence of liquid hydrocarbon condensates that are formed through the retrograde mechanism creates a contamination risk (similar to that posed by any unwanted hydrocarbon liquids that are not effectively separated during gas-processing operations).
What is retrograde condensate reservoir?
The formation of liquid hydrocarbons in a gas reservoir as the pressure in the reservoir decreases below dewpoint pressure during production. It is called retrograde because some of the gas condenses into a liquid under isothermal conditions instead of expanding or vaporizing when pressure is decreased.
What is the difference between wet gas and condensate?
For a wet gas, the cricondotherm lies somewhere between the surface and reservoir temperature. A gas-condensate is a fluid for which a reduction in pressure at reservoir temperature will, at some point between initial reservoir and surface pressure, cause liquids to drop out.
What is retrograde condensation and why is it important in gas industry?
What is the density of condensate?
Condensate Density is the specific gravity in API of condensate at stock tank conditions. It ranges from 60 API to 40 API. The API Gravity is readily obtained from any laboratory oil analysis. It is a fixed property of the condensate.
What is the composition of condensate?
There are many condensate sources, and each has its own unique gas condensate composition. In general, gas condensate has a specific gravity ranging from 0.5 to 0.8, and is composed of hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, etc.
What is the definition of condensate?
Definition of condensate.: a product of condensation; especially: a liquid obtained by condensation of a gas or vapor steam condensate.
What is hydrocarbon condensate?
Condensate is a very light hydrocarbon with an American Petroleum Institute (API) specific gravity of greater than 50 degrees and less than 80 degrees.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sDB0qB8x1Cs