Table of Contents
When can a central atom have more than 8 electrons?
Any element in the third period or below can have an expanded octet with more than 8 valence electrons. They do have a d-orbital and are large enough to stably hold more electrons in their shells.
Which elements can have more than 8 electrons around them?
Sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, and chlorine are common examples of elements that form an expanded octet. Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) are examples of molecules that deviate from the octet rule by having more than 8 electrons around the central atom.
How do you know how many electrons are in a stable structure?
A stable arrangement is attended when the atom is surrounded by eight electrons. This octet can be made up by own electrons and some electrons which are shared. Thus, an atom continues to form bonds until an octet of electrons is made.
Which of the central atom has more than 8 valence electrons?
sulfur
The octet rule is based on the fact that each valence orbital (typically, one ns and three np orbitals) can accommodate only two electrons. To accommodate more than eight electrons, sulfur must be using not only the ns and np valence orbitals but additional orbitals as well.
Which of the ions have more than an octet of electrons around the central atom?
Why are atoms stable with 8 valence electrons?
Atoms with 8 electrons in their valence shell have completely filled last orbitals and are therefore the most stable, as their electronic configuration is similar to that of the closest noble gas.
How do you read a Lewis structure?
How to Draw a Lewis Structure
- Step 1: Find the Total Number of Valence Electrons.
- Step 2: Find the Number of Electrons Needed to Make the Atoms “Happy”
- Step 4: Choose a Central Atom.
- Step 5: Draw a Skeletal Structure.
- Step 6: Place Electrons Around Outside Atoms.
- Step 7: Place Remaining Electrons Around the Central Atom.
Which elements can never be the central atoms?
Method 1: Compare Electronegativity The electronegativity of an element is its propensity to attract electrons, and the element in a compound with the lowest electronegativity is usually the central one. The exception to this rule is hydrogen, which is never the central atom except in the H2 molecule.
How many valence electrons are in a Lewis structure?
For a molecule, the Lewis structure is the total valence electrons in the molecule. Ammonia has eight valence electrons. What is the best Lewis structure? The response to this question depends on how you interpret the term “best.”
What is the Lewis electron dot structure for carbon?
The resulting Lewis electron dot structure displays a triple bond connecting a carbon and an oxygen atom, each holding a lone pair of electrons.
Do atoms with more than 8 electrons follow the octet rule?
Atoms in these periods may follow the octet rule, but there are conditions where they can expand their valence shells to accommodate more than eight electrons. Sulfur and phosphorus are common examples of this behavior. Sulfur can follow the octet rule as in the molecule SF2.
What is the Lewis structure of a molecule?
Lewis structures, also known as electron-dot or electron-dot diagrams, are diagrams showing the bonding between a molecule’s atoms and the lone pairs of electrons that may occur in the molecule. What is the Lewis structure of ammonia? Ammonia has the NH3 equation.