Table of Contents
- 1 What is the difference between sodium and chlorine?
- 2 Does chlorine have more electrons than sodium?
- 3 What is one similarity in the electronic structure of sodium and chlorine?
- 4 What happens to sodium chloride when heated?
- 5 Why does chlorine steal an electron from sodium?
- 6 What is the electronic structure of sodium?
- 7 What is the full structure of Na and Cl?
What is the difference between sodium and chlorine?
The compound composed of these ions exhibits properties entirely different from the properties of the elements sodium and chlorine. Chlorine is poisonous, but sodium chloride is essential to life; sodium atoms react vigorously with water, but sodium chloride simply dissolves in water.
Does chlorine have more electrons than sodium?
It is easy to see why this reaction takes place so readily when we look at it on an atomic level: sodium has one electron in its outermost (valence) shell, while chlorine has seven electrons in its valence shell.
Why is it easier for sodium to lose an electron compared to chlorine?
As Figure 1 illustrates, sodium (Na) only has one electron in its outer electron shell. Again, it is more energy-efficient for chlorine to gain one electron than to lose seven. Therefore, it tends to gain an electron to create an ion with 17 protons, 17 neutrons, and 18 electrons, giving it a net negative (–1) charge.
What will the electronic structure of the chlorine atom be?
Chlorine atoms have 17 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 8, 7] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 2P3/2.
What is one similarity in the electronic structure of sodium and chlorine?
Both sodium ions and chloride ions have full electron shells. The sodium ions and chloride ions form an ionic lattice. An ionic lattice is one example of a giant structure. There are strong electrostatic attractions between the oppositely charged ions in an ionic lattice.
What happens to sodium chloride when heated?
The boiling point of sodium chloride is 1465°C (2669°F). At even higher temperatures the gaseous sodium chloride will dissociate into a plasma of sodium ions and chloride ions. When sodium chloride is heated it gets moisture free, then it melts at 801°C and on continuously heating it boils at 1465°C temperature.
Why is chlorine bigger than sodium?
Na atoms are larger than Cl atoms because the electron cloud of Cl is pulled in more tightly by the increased number of protons in the nucleus. Na+ ions are smaller than Cl- ions because the Na+ ions have electrons in only two energy levels and Cl- ions have electrons in three levels.
Why is sodium happy losing an electron and chlorine happy gaining an electron?
One sodium (Na) atom gives it’s electron to one chlorine (Cl) atom. Chlorine then has the eight electrons in its outer shell to make it “happy”. Sodium is “happy” because it has now given up its one extra electron.
Why does chlorine steal an electron from sodium?
Sodium has one electron it is not holding onto very strongly, and chlorine is looking for one more electron to steal to fill its shell. As a result, a pure sample of sodium reacts strongly with a pure sample of chlorine and the end product is table salt. Each chlorine atom steals an electron from the sodium atom.
What is the electronic structure of sodium?
[Ne] 3s¹
Sodium/Electron configuration
How are the structures of chlorine atoms different?
The number of protons an atom has, also known as the atom’s atomic number, determines which element it is. All atoms which contain 17 protons are called chlorine atoms. Since all atoms of chlorine contain 17 protons, chlorine-35 and chlorine-37 differ in the number of neutrons each one has.
Sodium atoms have 11 protons and so 11 electrons: This electronic structure can be written as 2,8,1 (each comma, or dot, separates one shell from the next). This electronic structure can also be shown as a diagram. In these diagrams: The electronic structure of an element is linked to its position on the periodic table.
How many electrons are in the outer shell of sodium chloride (Na)?
Sodium (Na) has 11 electrons, chlorine (Cl) has 17. Na has 1 electron in its outer shell, Cl has 7.
Chlorine is diatomic but Sodium is not. Q: How is sodium electronic structure different to chlorine’s? Write your answer… Registered users can ask questions, leave comments, and earn points for submitting new answers. Already have an account?
What is the full structure of Na and Cl?
The full structure for Na is [1s2] [2s2] [2p6] [3s1] and for Cl [1s2] [2s2] [2p6] [3s2] [3p5]. The 3s orbital for Na has a single unpaired electron. 2 of the 3p orbitals for Cl have two paired electrons, the third has a single unpaired electron.