Table of Contents
- 1 How hydrogen bonding explain the cleansing action of soap and detergent?
- 2 What is the cleansing agent in soap?
- 3 In what way intermolecular forces of attraction acted on soaps or detergents cleansers explain?
- 4 Which of the following agent is used for saponification of fatty acids?
- 5 What is the chemical structure of soap?
How hydrogen bonding explain the cleansing action of soap and detergent?
(a) The hydrogen ions in acidic water react with the soap to form long-chain fatty acids. (b) Long-chain fatty acids are insoluble in water due to their high relative molecular masses. This reduces the amount of soap available for cleaning. The effectiveness of the cleansing action of soap is thus reduced.
What does soap do to the hydrogen bonds?
Soap is a surfactant, or a compound that lowers the surface tension of a liquid. Soap, in particular, decreases the surface tension of water by weakening the hydrogen bonds that make water such a special substance.
Which process is responsible for cleansing action of soap?
A soap is a water-soluble compound which is made via a process called saponification by the reaction between sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide with vegetable or animal oil (fats).
What is the cleansing agent in soap?
Soaps are a common detergent. They are the most popular type of cleansing agents. Soaps are generally made by reacting an alkali (like sodium hydroxide) in liquid form with naturally occurring fats or fatty acids, produced from animals and plants. The process is known as saponification.
What is the purpose of adding cleansing agent *?
1. What is the purpose of adding cleansing agent? Explanation: Cleansing agent provides hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups which are responsible for increase in wetting ability and decreasing the surface tension. 2.
What intermolecular forces are present in detergent?
Detergents form strong intermolecular forces with the hydrophobic end of the molecule. The water makes strong intermolecular forces with the water, so the grease spot surrounded by detergent is ‘lifted’ off the clothes into the water.
In what way intermolecular forces of attraction acted on soaps or detergents cleansers explain?
Soap acts as a middleman, attaching to both the water and oils. As the soap dissolves, hydrogen bonds form due to the attraction between the slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms in the water molecules and the negatively charged oxygen (Stengler, A.E., n.d.).
How do soaps and detergents work?
Soaps and detergents are made from long molecules that contain a head and tail. The detergent molecules also help to make the washing process more effective by reducing the surface tension of the water. Surface tension is the force which helps a blob of water on a surface hold its shape and not spread out.
What is in the detergent?
The first soap and detergent makers used plant ashes to produce alkalis. Today they are chemically produced by running electricity through salt water to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or caustic soda and potassium hydroxide (KOH) or caustic potash. These are the most commonly used alkalies in soaps and detergents.
Which of the following agent is used for saponification of fatty acids?
Saponification is a process that involves the conversion of fat, oil, or lipid, into soap and alcohol by the action of aqueous alkali (e.g. NaOH).
How do soap molecules interact with water molecules?
Its hydrophilic (water-loving) carboxylate group (-CO 2) interacts with water molecules via ion-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding. The hydrophobic (water-fearing) part of a soap molecule, its long, nonpolar hydrocarbon chain, does not interact with water molecules.
What is the principle of cleaning by soap?
When soap is applied to dirty clothes soaked in water, the hydrocarbon part of soap molecules attach themselves to the greasy and oily dirt particles whereas the ionic part of the soap molec The principle of cleaning by soap is surface tension.
What is the chemical structure of soap?
Each soap molecule has a long hydrocarbon chain, sometimes called its ‘tail’, with a carboxylate ‘head’. In water, the sodium or potassium ions float free, leaving a negatively-charged head.
What happens when soap is applied to dirty clothes soaked in water?
When soap is applied to dirty clothes soaked in water, the hydrocarbon part of soap molecules attach themselves to the greasy and oily dirt particles whereas the ionic part of the soap molecules remain attached to water.