Table of Contents
- 1 What happens to particles as they change from a solid to a liquid to a gas?
- 2 What is the strength of forces between particles in a liquid?
- 3 What changes from solid to liquid?
- 4 What causes them to change from solid to liquid?
- 5 How do intermolecular forces affect the movement of molecules?
- 6 What happens to the intermolecular forces when water changes to steam?
- 7 Which state of matter has the greatest intermolecular forces?
What happens to particles as they change from a solid to a liquid to a gas?
Attractive forces don’t get weaker when a substance moves from the solid to the liquid to the gas state, rather the kinetic energy of the particles increases (implying faster motion), allowing them to overcome the attractive forces.
What is the strength of forces between particles in a liquid?
Liquid � In a liquid, particles will flow or glide over one another, but stay toward the bottom of the container. The attractive forces between particles are strong enough to hold a specific volume but not strong enough to keep the molecules sliding over each other.
What happens to particles when matter goes from solid to liquid?
When a solid is heated the particles gain energy and start to vibrate faster and faster. Although the particles are still loosely connected they are able to move around. At this point the solid is melting to form a liquid. The particles in the liquid are the same as in the solid but they have more energy.
What changes from solid to liquid?
The process of a solid becoming a liquid is called melting (an older term that you may see sometimes is fusion). The opposite process, a liquid becoming a solid, is called solidification.
What causes them to change from solid to liquid?
The atoms in a liquid have more energy than the atoms in a solid. There is a special temperature for every substance called the melting point. When a solid reaches the temperature of its melting point, it can become a liquid. The reverse of the melting process is called freezing.
What happens to intermolecular forces when a liquid turns to a gas?
When a liquid changes into a gaseous liquid or steam, the intermolecular forces between the water molecules decrease. For any given substance, the intermolecular forces will be greatest in the solid-state and weakest in the gaseous state.
How do intermolecular forces affect the movement of molecules?
There are forces of attraction and repulsion that exist between molecules of all substances. These intermolecular forces allow molecules to pack together in the solid and liquid states. When a pot of water is placed on a burner, it will soon boil. A phase change is occuring; the liquid water is changing to gaseous water, or steam.
What happens to the intermolecular forces when water changes to steam?
A phase change is occuring; the liquid water is changing to gaseous water, or steam. On a molecular level, the intermolecular forces between the water molecules are decreasing.
What happens to the intermolecular forces when a liquid boils?
As a liquid boils, it is undergoing the liquid to gas phase change. In order to do this, the intermolecular forces present in the liquid state must be overcome. Stronger intermolecular forces will require more energy to be overcome.
Which state of matter has the greatest intermolecular forces?
For any given substance, intermolecular forces will be greatest in the solid state and weakest in the gas state. The boiling points of ethyl ether and ethanol are 34.6ºC and 78.5ºC respectively. Which substance has stronger intermolecular forces?