Table of Contents
What were the 6 principles of Kemalism?
There are six principles (ilke) of the ideology: Republicanism (Turkish: cumhuriyetçilik), Populism (Turkish: halkçılık), Nationalism (Turkish: milliyetçilik), Laicism (Turkish: laiklik), Statism (Turkish: devletçilik), and Reformism (“Revolutionism”, Turkish: inkılâpçılık).
What does the name Ataturk mean?
The Turkish Parliament granted him the surname Atatürk in 1934, which means “Father of the Turks”, in recognition of the role he played in building the modern Turkish Republic.
What are the six arrows of Kemalism and what do these ideological beliefs mean?
The arrows represent the fundamental pillars of Kemalism, Turkey’s founding ideology. These are Republicanism, Populism, Nationalism, Laicism, Statism, and Reformism.
What did Ataturk change in Turkey?
National unity. The goal of Atatürk’s reforms was to maintain the independence of Turkey from the direct rule of external forces (Western countries). They transformed Turkey and ushered in a new era of modernization, including civil and political equality for sectarian minorities and women.
What was the most important reform made by Ataturk?
The leading legal reforms instituted included a secular constitution (laïcité) with the complete separation of government and religious affairs, the replacement of Islamic courts and Islamic canon law with a secular civil code based on the Swiss Civil Code, and a penal code based on that of Italy (1924–37).
What is the ideology of Kemalism in Turkey?
Kemalism ( Turkish: Kemalizm ), also known as Atatürkism ( Turkish: Atatürkçülük, Atatürkçü düşünce ), or the Six Arrows ( Turkish: Altı Ok ), is the founding ideology of the Republic of Turkey. Kemalism, as it was implemented by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, was defined by sweeping political, social,…
What is a Kemalist republic?
The Kemalist republic is a unitary state in which three organs of state govern the nation as a single unit, with one constitutionally created legislature.
What is Kemist secularism?
Kemalist secularism did not merely mean separation of state and religion, but also the separation of religion from educational, cultural and legal affairs. It meant independence of thought and independence of institutions from the dominance of religious thinking and religious institutions.
When did Kemalism begin?
Many of the root ideas of Kemalism began during the late Ottoman Empire under various reforms to avoid the imminent collapse of the Empire, beginning chiefly in the early 19th-century Tanzimat reforms.